Lifetime

Christian Boltanski (b. 1944) is one of France’s preeminent contemporary artists. After first making short films in the late ’60s, Boltanski turned to photography in the 1970s. Based on his interest in the development of human history and cultural anthropology, Boltanski garnered attention for a large number of works in which he combined everyday objects such as biscuit tins with photographs and documents to create links to his own memories as well as those of others. In the ’80s, Boltanski began producing installations that utilized light, including the Monument series (1985-ongoing). These altar-like structures, made out of photographic portraits of children and light bulbs, dealt with religious themes. This led to works such as Altar to the Chases High School (1987), an altar consisting of face shots of Jewish students who enrolled in a Vienna high school in 1931 that were illuminated with light bulbs. As this technique of displaying a collection of portraits evokes images of genocide, specifically the mass murder of millions of Jewish people in Nazi Germany, it has prompted a great deal of controversy. For Boltanski, whose father was Jewish, the Holocaust is something with deeply personal significance. In works such as Personnes (2010), made up of countless articles of clothing piled up in the vast Grand Palais in Paris, Boltanski has used a variety of methods to address themes such as history, memory, death, and absence.

After being invited to participate in international exhibitions of contemporary art such as Documenta (Kassel, Germany) and the Venice Biennale in the ’70s, Boltanski’s field of activity expanded to include many countries all over the world. After his first Japanese solo exhibition at ICA, Nagoya and Art Tower Mito in 1990 and 1991, Boltanski actively showed his work in the country at events such as the Echigo-Tsumari Art Triennial and the Setouchi International Art Festival. In 2016, he held a solo exhibition at the Tokyo Metropolitan Teien Art Museum.

Encompassing everything from the artist’s earliest pieces to his most recent work, this exhibition, jointly organized by the National Museum of Art, Osaka, the National Art Center, Tokyo, and the Nagasaki Prefectural Art Museum, is the first full-scale retrospective of Boltanski’s career to be presented in Japan. While looking back at a variety of Boltanski’s efforts from the ’70s to the present, the retrospective is based on the artist’s idea of creating an installation for a space – or he suggests, “presenting an exhibition as a single work of art.” The exhibition will serve as an introduction to Boltanski’s magnificent world of art, which he began making over 50 years ago and continues to create today.

Faire son Temps

In some fifty works punctuating the career of Christian Boltanski, this generous review of the work of one today’s greatest creative figures enables us to measure the scope and the ambition shaped by his personal history and a half-century of meditations on the role and discourse of the artist in today’s societies.

Thirty-five years have gone by since the first exhibition of Christian Boltanski in the Centre Pompidou. Thirty-five years that saw his work transformed in the course of the 1980s when the artist abandoned the taste for archives and inventories that had made him known as one of the major figures in memorial art, and began to develop a work in the form of lessons of darkness and a meditation on death through vast installations and exhibits.
“Life in the Making” seeks to trace this passage from “small forms” to “large forms”. Designed by Boltanski himself as a vast stroll through the heart of his work, the exhibition is meant less as a retrospective than as a series of sequences marking the stages and transformations in his discourse. The first rooms thus remind us of how Boltanski, the self-taught artist, designed his seminal pieces, based on a consideration of photography and all forms of crafting and recreating relating to the childhood and past of all human beings. We thus find the fragile installations that make up Théâtres d’ombres tinged with shades of wonder and an ever-faithful fondness for the performing arts. Vast environments with shaky lighting invite us to discover, in the shadows of rooms lit up by the works themselves, a reflection in the form of a meditation on disappearance in anonymity and on the most fleeting traces possible.
As an archaeologist of his own history and that of everybody else, Boltanski has transformed himself into a “mythologist” in the course of a half-century of creation. From the account of childhood to that of the tales and legends he discovers and reinvents today until the end of the world, Boltanski has sought to shuffle off the self in order to merge into the history of mankind. A vast project if ever there was one, which leads him ever further in search, not of lost time but of unknown lands rich in stories that are being lost in the mists of time.
Christian Boltanski no longer sets out on the only real and fictitious traces of his own life. He no longer describes himself, any more than he seeks to conduct an inventory or a portrait of a particular being. “To write,” Maurice Blanchot announced magnificently, “is to expose oneself to the risk of the absence of time which is ruled by an eternal starting over. It means changing from I to He, so that what happens to me happens to no one, is anonymous by virtue of the fact that it concerns me and is repeated in an eternal dispersion.”

In order to design this review combining all the forms and media that comprise his aesthetic and make the exhibition itself a work in its own right, Christian Boltanski wished to bring together some of the most emblematic pieces from his career: from the Vitrines de références to L’Album de la famille D, from Habits de François C to Reliquaires, from Théâtres d’ombres to Monuments, from Réserves to Tombeaux, from the Cœur battant of Teshima to the dead souls of Animitas, from Autels to the ghosts of Misterios, the exhibition presents a “reconfigured past” in which we can only dream in resonance with Arlette Farge’s beautiful text, conscious of the “fragile lives” that, in Le Goût de l’archive, published in 1989 announced: “We cannot bring back to life the lives that ended in archives. This is no reason to make them die a second time. There is limited space to elaborate a narrative that neither cancels them out nor dissolves them, that keeps them available until one day, somewhere else, their enigmatic presence is made into another narrative.”

Christian Boltanski’s work deals with this “space”. Here we realise that time, in all the shapes and forms it takes, is his partner. “Departure” and “Arrival”, like two signs in a train station or a weary fairground, call out visitors as they enter and leave the meanders of the exhibition, no doubt reminding us that art helps to enable the journey and to forget the destination. In this interval, we suggest that it is up to each visitor to know how to take and make “time in the making”.

Bernard Blistène, Director of the Musée National d’Art Moderne, Centre Pompidou
Curator of the exhibition
In Code couleur n°35, september-december 2019, p. 20-23

Lifetime

This exhibition is among the largest retrospectives ever held in Japan of the work of Christian Boltanski, one of the most prominent contemporary artists, and encompasses work from throughout his career. After making short films in the late 1960s, Boltanski worked extensively with photography in the 1970s, gaining attention for works dealing with his own memories and those of others. In the 1980s, Boltanski began producing installations utilizing light and exploring religious themes, for which he earned international acclaim. Since then, he has continued producing and exhibiting works worldwide with the themes of history, memory, and the vestiges of human existence. While looking back at a variety of his efforts over the past 50 years, this retrospective was designed by Boltanski, who has described himself as “a spatial artist,” as an installation for this specific venue.